Rhinoplasty Explained: What to Know Before Nose Surgery

Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure that alters the shape and sometimes the function of the nose. Often called a “nose job,” it addresses cosmetic concerns—such as size, profile, or symmetry—as well as medical problems like breathing difficulty caused by a deviated septum. Understanding the motivations, surgical options, recovery expectations, and costs can help you make an informed decision.

Why people choose rhinoplasty

Patients seek rhinoplasty for a variety of reasons, which typically fall into two categories: aesthetic and functional. Common motivations include:

• Refining the nose’s overall appearance to balance facial features
• Correcting a deviated septum or other structural issues that impair breathing
• Repairing damage from injury or congenital irregularities
• Addressing asymmetry, a prominent dorsal hump, a bulbous tip, or disproportionate nostrils
• Improving self-confidence and comfort with one’s appearance

It’s not unusual for both cosmetic and medical goals to be present. Many people pursue rhinoplasty to enhance facial harmony while simultaneously restoring nasal function.

How the procedure is performed

Rhinoplasty is most commonly done on an outpatient basis under general anesthesia, though some surgeons use local anesthesia with sedation for select cases. Operating times vary with case complexity but typically range from about one to three hours.

There are two primary surgical approaches:

• Closed rhinoplasty: All incisions are made inside the nostrils, leaving no external scars. This approach is often used for less extensive reshaping.
• Open rhinoplasty: An incision is placed across the columella (the tissue between the nostrils), allowing the surgeon to lift the skin for greater visibility and access—helpful for more complex reshaping or reconstruction.

After incisions are made, the surgeon separates the skin from the underlying cartilage and bone and reshapes these structures according to the surgical plan. Cartilage grafts may be used to support or augment areas of the nose; these grafts can come from the nasal septum, the ear, or, in larger reconstructions, the rib. Once the framework is adjusted, the skin is redraped and the incisions are closed. Internal splints or packing and an external nasal splint are commonly applied to support healing during the first week.

What to expect during recovery

Healing after rhinoplasty is gradual, and following your surgeon’s post-operative instructions is critical for optimal results. Typical recovery milestones include:

• First week: Expect swelling, bruising, and mild discomfort. Most patients wear an external splint and may have internal packing or splints. Rest with the head elevated and avoid bending or heavy lifting.
• 1–2 weeks: External splint and most visible dressings are usually removed. Bruising and some swelling subside, making social activities more feasible.
• 2–4 weeks: Many people return to work and resume light activities; strenuous exercise should still be avoided.
• 1–3 months: The majority of swelling diminishes and the refined nasal contour becomes clearer.
• 6–12 months: Residual swelling—especially at the tip—continues to resolve, and final results become apparent.

Individual recovery can vary based on the extent of surgery, the surgical technique used, and personal healing characteristics. Avoiding trauma to the nose, refraining from smoking, and following medication and activity guidelines will help reduce complications and support a smooth recovery.

Potential risks and realistic outcomes

As with any surgery, rhinoplasty carries risks: infection, bleeding, anesthesia-related complications, breathing difficulties, poor wound healing, scarring, asymmetry, or the need for revision surgery. A thorough consultation with a board-certified plastic surgeon or facial plastic surgeon should include a discussion of risks, realistic expectations, and possible alternatives.

Good candidates are physically healthy, have realistic goals, and understand that the nose must be balanced with the rest of the face—not transformed into an unrelated ideal.

Typical costs and what influences price

Rhinoplasty costs vary widely depending on the surgeon’s experience, geographic location, facility fees, anesthesia, and the complexity of the procedure. In the United States, typical total costs often fall within a broad range.

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Pricing disclaimer: Costs are estimates and can vary by provider, region, and individual case. Verify fees with your surgeon and facility before planning treatment.

Insurance may cover part or all of the expense if the procedure is performed primarily to correct a medical problem, such as a deviated septum that causes significant breathing impairment. Cosmetic-only procedures are usually not covered.

Making the decision

Choosing a qualified, experienced, board-certified surgeon is more important than selecting the lowest price. Review before-and-after photos, ask about the surgeon’s complication and revision rates, and ensure clear communication about goals and expectations. Consider seeking multiple consultations if you need to compare approaches or want to feel confident about your choice.

Rhinoplasty can produce meaningful improvements in facial harmony and nasal function when performed by an experienced surgeon and when patients have realistic expectations. Take time to research, prepare, and follow post-operative instructions to support the best possible outcome.

This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized guidance and treatment.