Treating Varicose Veins: Modern Options & Benefits

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins most often seen in the legs. While some people seek treatment mainly for cosmetic reasons, many experience aching, heaviness, and complications that affect mobility and health. Fortunately, a range of effective treatments—from lifestyle measures to minimally invasive procedures—can reduce symptoms and improve circulation.

Treatment options for varicose veins

Conservative care

Initial management usually focuses on noninvasive strategies. Compression stockings apply graduated pressure to improve venous return and reduce swelling. Regular low-impact exercise, such as walking, strengthens calf muscles that help push blood upward. Weight control and avoiding long periods of standing or sitting also ease pressure on leg veins. These measures can relieve symptoms and are often recommended before or alongside medical procedures.

Sclerotherapy

Sclerotherapy involves injecting a chemical solution into affected veins. The solution irritates the vein lining, causing it to collapse and eventually be reabsorbed by the body. This option is especially effective for small to medium varicose or spider veins and can usually be performed in an outpatient setting with minimal downtime.

Laser therapy

Laser treatments come in two main forms: external (surface) lasers for tiny spider veins and endovenous laser therapy (EVLT) for larger, deeper veins. EVLT uses a fiber inserted into the vein to deliver laser energy that heats and seals the vessel. Laser therapy is highly effective for many patients and typically requires only a short recovery period.

Radiofrequency ablation

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) uses heat generated by radiofrequency energy to close dysfunctional veins. Like EVLT, RFA is minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia. It offers excellent success rates for larger varicose veins and is associated with quick recovery and less postoperative discomfort compared with traditional surgery.

Surgical approaches

For extensive disease or veins that do not respond to less invasive methods, surgical procedures may be recommended. Options include vein stripping, which removes long segments of a diseased vein, and phlebectomy, which extracts smaller surface veins through tiny incisions. Surgical recovery tends to be longer than for ablation procedures but can be the best choice in severe cases.

Health benefits of treating varicose veins

Addressing varicose veins can deliver more than aesthetic improvements. Common benefits include:

• Reduced leg pain, aching and cramping
• Decreased swelling and improved leg comfort
• Enhanced circulation in the affected limb
• Lowered risk of superficial blood clots and related complications
• Prevention of skin changes and venous ulcers around the ankle
• Improved mobility and overall quality of life
• Reduced likelihood of deep vein thrombosis when underlying venous reflux is corrected

Typical effectiveness and recovery

Prices, rates, or cost estimates mentioned in this article are based on the latest available information but may change over time. Independent research is advised before making financial decisions.

These figures are general estimates; individual outcomes vary depending on vein anatomy, severity of disease, and the clinician’s experience. Many minimally invasive treatments have high closure rates and allow patients to return to normal activities quickly, but multiple sessions may be necessary for extensive or recurrent veins.

How clinicians choose a procedure

Selection of the optimal treatment depends on several factors: the size and location of the problem veins, whether there is underlying venous reflux detectable on duplex ultrasound, the patient’s overall health and preferences, and previous treatments. A vascular specialist or interventional radiologist will typically perform an ultrasound exam to map the venous system and recommend the best approach. Combining treatments is common—for example, ablation of a main refluxing vein followed by phlebectomy or sclerotherapy for residual branches.

Prevention and long-term management

Keeping veins healthy is an ongoing process. Practical steps that support long-term vein wellness include:

• Staying active, with regular walks or low-impact exercise
• Managing body weight to reduce pressure on leg veins
• Avoiding prolonged standing or sitting; take breaks to move and stretch
• Wearing compression stockings when advised by a clinician
• Elevating the legs when resting to reduce venous pressure
• Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet to support vascular health

Regular follow-up with a vascular professional can catch recurrence early and guide maintenance treatments if needed.

This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized guidance and treatment.