Amateeka n’Obuvunaanyizibwa bw’Okuyigiriza okufunye akafubo

Olutalo lw’okuyigiriza mu bifo eby’obukulembeze lweyava mu bika ebyalina ebikolo ebikyamu, nga ba guilds mu bubala bw’obukulembeze bwa Europe. Mu myaka gya 19 n’20, obukulembeze bw’eby’obusuubuzi bwatangira okwekenneenya engeri y’okutanga obuyigirize mu bintu eby’obukazi. Ebihugu nga Germany ne Switzerland byazimba enkola z’okuyigiriza ez’enjawulo eziri mu mafasitawa, nga eby’okuwandiikako eby’obusobozi byakolebwa okuyamba ekuvunaanyizibwa ku bacaali. Eby’emirimu eby’ebyuma byakyuka era byetaaga obunyiriri obw’enjawulo, okutuusa n’obukodyo obw’enkomeredde. Olukuluba lw’eby’enjigiriza za tekniki n’amakolero g’okulabirira obukozi buva mu nteekateeka z’eggwanga n’obuvunaanyizibwa bw’abakulembeze ab’oluganda, bwongera ekyokulabirako ekigenda ku nsonga z’okukola n’okuwandiika amagezi agafaanana n’obukugu obulimu empisa.

Ebirimu leero: Ebiriwo mu mbeera y’eby’embeera n’eekubo ezibaddewo

Mu by’omu myaka gya n’oggye, tukiraba engeri eza butonde ezitono ezikula ku ngeri y’okuyigiriza abakozi. Amakampani gano galina obukodyo obusooka okuwandiikira ekirowoozo ky’okukola obukozi obwaffe, nga bakozesa engeri ez’enjawulo ezitaddemu okutunda obuyigirize mu bifo by’obukuumi. Ebintu nga micro-credentials, amawara agasobola okuteekebwa okufuna obusobozi ku nsonyi z’emyoyo, nga byonna sisinziira ku digitulike yo — naye mu nsi eno tusobola okwogera ku nteekateeka ez’obufumbo ezitali zimala ezikolebwa mu nsi ez’enjawulo. Ekimu ku bintu eby’obuvunaanyizibwa oba eby’obuvunaanyizibwa bwenkola ya apprenticeship levy mu United Kingdom ne Singapore SkillsFuture byateekebwaawo okusobosera okumala obugagga mu kukula kw’abakozi. Ebintu eby’enjawulo ebyokuzimba eby’enjawulo byajja ng’ebitongole eby’obugaga eri omukutu ogw’okuyiga ogusobola okussaamu emikisa gy’okuyigiriza mu mafasitawa.

Enkola y’okuzimba ekitongole ky’obuyambi: ebyetaagisa n’enkola

Okuzaala enkola ey’obufumbo mu mafasitawa kyetaaga obuvunaanyizibwa n’okutekebwa mu ngeri ey’omugaso. Kino kisobola okugatta ebyakola: okuteekateeka amakula ga competency (ebisobyo omulimu gikola), okuzimba curriculum okugoberera ebyetaago by’amakampani, okwongera abamanyi b’obwenkanya abasingako abasomesa mu mafasitawa, n’okuteekawo engeri z’okukola assessment ez’ekibinja. Enjuyi ey’okusobola okukakasa nti ekola ekimu n’amateeka g’eggwanga gikyusibwa, era okuba n’ebikozesebwa eby’okuteeka obuvunaanyizibwa n’ebizibu by’okusoma mu mafasitawa. Ebintu bino byongera okusobola okufuuka ekirowoozo ku nteekateeka ey’okugatta okuyiga mu nnyumba n’okukozi mu mafasitawa, n’okukola obutebenkevu bw’eby’obukulembeze.

Ebisanyizo eby’eby’okukola: ebyokulabirako okuva mu nsi

Eby’okulabirako ebyakolebwa mu Germany ne Switzerland bisobola okutuyamba okuyiga. Amateeka ga Germany agalina dual vocational system galina omuwendo oguwanvu ogw’okukuuma abakozi abalala mu masomo n’ebyokukola. Stadi z’eby’eby’obukulembeze ku OECD zikwata ku ngeri gy’abaakatonda b’abakozi abatayina mu kiseera eky’obutiti okufuna embeera ennungi ku mirimu. Mu Switzerland, apprenticeship system esobole okukyusa obuwangwa obwa youth unemployment era esobozesa abato okufuna okusalawo okw’enkulaakulana mu mirimu egya tekinika. Eby’obuyigirize ebijja mu nsi z’okulongoosa ebifo by’omulimu mw eby’obulimi n’ebirala bizuula emikisa gye kongeza. Mu United States, enkyukakyuka eza community college partnerships ne employer-sponsored training ziyamba mu kussa obuyambi obw’enjawulo ku bamaanyi abakulira mu mafasitawa.

Eby’awandiikibwa: ebirungi, ebyetaaga okuteekawo, n’obuzibu

Okuzimba enkola ey’obufumbo mu by’obusuubuzi kizimba amawulire mu buddu. Ebirungi bingi birimu: obulimu obuteekebwa bubala ku nkozesa y’ekiragiro ky’okukola, okussa ennyonta mu kusobola okuwa abakozi obuyambi, n’okuggyaamu eyi nga retention era productivity. Olwo ebirimu ebyetaaga ebirungi ku nsi ne ku makampani galimu okukola ku nteekateeka ez’ebbeeyi, okuyita mu nsonga y’okuwaza obuwagizi bw’amateeka, n’okukendeezeza abakozi abateekateeka mu bintu eby’enjawulo. Obuzibu bubaddewo: okumanya engeri y’okuteekateeka, okusobola okuwa ebiragiro eby’omugaso ku bintu eby’enjawulo, n’obuzaale obwa ssente ku bibinja ebyatandika. Era tekirina kukosebwa nti eky’okukola gyonna kisobola okukyusa empuliziganya y’omulimu; kubeerawo obukulembeze obusobola okukolagana wakati w’abakulembeze b’amakampani, gavumenti, n’amasomero.

Amayitirivu g’okutumbula: enkola z’okukola n’okutandika

Okutandika okukola enkola eno kyetaaga okutunuulira eby’ekikugu: okufuna abakulembeze abajjanjabi abamanyi okulongoosa, okuteekawo emikisa gya abakozi okutenderezebwa, n’okuteekawo emikutu gya funding nga gavumenti ekyusa amateeka oba amakampani galina ebintu by’okusomesa obwa kampuni. Era kyetaaga okuteeka emikutu gy’okukola assessment ey’okutuusa ku bisobyo by’omulimu n’okuwandiika obusobozi obuyitibwa mu ngeri ey’okukwatibwa mu kitundu. Okusaba okwogerera abakozi, okuwandiika amakubo g’okugoberera ensonga, n’okukola pilots mu mizinga gyonna byayamba okugassa obumalirivu n’okukakasa engeri y’okukola.

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Makulu ag’okukozesa mu ntikko

• Tekawo curriculum eyazimbibwa wamu n’abakulembeze b’amasomero n’abakola mu mafasitawa, kubanga co-design ky’akolamu ensonga.

• Teeka mentor program mu mafasitawa agatalina kusuubira ku basomesa; mentor anyweza obukugu obwo.

• Lamula assessment ey’obukuumi eyatali mu biro eby’amaanyi; kakyuse ebikula by’obuyigirize mu ngeri eya competency.

• Ggulawo emikutu gy’obusuubuzi nga gavumenti n’amakampani galina okulabirira eby’obulinga ku bintu eby’amaanyi.

• Kola pilots mu mpagi nnyinamu okulaba engeri system egwetaaga okuyambako n’okukyusa mu butuufu.

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Amangwago g’ensonga y’okuzaalibwa kw’ensonga eno gayamba okufuna enfuna mu by’obusuubuzi. Okuyiga n’okukola wamu n’ebitongole eby’enjawulo kyetaaga okuteeka ku nsi empisa esobola okubunyisa amagezi n’obukugu mu mafasitawa. Abakulembeze ba kampuni, basomesa, n’abagagga balina okwekalakaasa nnyo mu ngeri gy’ebintu byeyongera okusobola okulongoosa abakozi, kubanga kino kisobola okutumbula obusuubuzi n’okuteeka omuggo gw’obulamu obulungi mu bizinensi.