Ensonga n’ekitundu ky’omukugu ku bukulembeze bwa AI

Obukulembeze bwa AI bugenda bujjuvu era buyinza okuwulira eby’enjigiriza okuva mu nnono z’enjawulo. Mu mateeka, obukulembeze bunnabbaga mu kutuukiriza amalala g’ebyobufuzi n’obuwagizi bw’abantu. Mu myaka gya 2010 okutuuka 2024, abamu ku ba gavumenti ne ba parlemaniti baali batandika okukola ku mabega agafuna amakulu g’okutatula amagezi g’eby’obusobozi bya algorithm. Obubaka bw’ennono bwalina okubala enkola za audit eziraga engeri y’okukozesa n’omukakasi gw’obukulu bw’obujjanjabi. Eno era ye ttandikiriro lya nteekateeka ey’enteekateeka ey’okufuna ebiri mu mugaso ku nsonga ez’okukozesa AI mu by’obusuubuzi n’amateeka.

Amateeka ageziyiza n’eby’okutegeera eby’okulabirira

Mu nsonyi za mateeka, ebitongole eby’enjawulo byali bifunye ebigambo eby’enjawulo ebyokulabirira ebikozesebwa bya tekinologiya. Mu Europe, okumanyiddwa ng’ensonga ey’omwoyo kyayimirira mu lithala ery’amaanyi okuzuula ensonga z’omugaso za AI. Ekibalo ky’ekirwadde kyayitamu mu nsonyi nga buli ggwanga lye lyaffe lyaliko entegeka okutuusa ku nsonyi egya okuwandiikibwa ku by’obulambulukufu. Ebirala nga ebitongole eby’obukiiko bya palamenti mu bifo nga United Kingdom ne Canada, byatandika okugatta abatekinolooti, amateeka n’abakugu abasobola okutabuka ku nkola z’okugaya eby’obulamu ebiva mu bikozesebwa bya AI.

Enkalakkalira z’amateeka n’ebifo eby’omutindo amalala

Mu myaka egisooka ku sula, waliwo okulwanirira kw’amawanga okwongera okuteekateeka ekitundu eky’okukakasa. Omulimu ogumu gw’eby’okulabirira gwaalina okubeera mu ngeri ya audit eya compliance era mu mawanga gano waliwo ebiragiro eby’omutindo. Mu kibalo, EU AI Act kyokka kyatandika okukyuka mu 2021 era kyafuuka obuvunaanyizibwa ku by’okukakasa ebikozesebwa eby’amaanyi okuva mu 2023-2024, nga kitwala okutunula obuzibu ku sisitemu eziri ku kitiibwa ky’obulabe. Mu Amerika, Office of Science and Technology Policy yatandika okuwa ebiragiro mu 2023 eby’okusasula n’okulondoola okuziyiza eby’amagezi eby’eby’omugaso. Mu kibuga New York, eddembe ly’eby’omulimu lyasooka okutuusa eby’obulabe mu kukola audit ku by’ekozesebwa eby’obwenkanya mu kusala abakozi. Ebirala eby’obulamu n’okukakasa birimu okwogera ku nsonyi z’omwoyo ezikyusa engeri y’okulabirira.

Enkola za palamenti: obuvunaanyizibwa n’obuwandiike

Palamenti erina embeera ey’enjawulo okutuuka ku nteekateeka z’amaanyi ezikozesebwa mu nteekateeka z’akakiiko. Obuvunaanyizibwa buva ku kukakasa nti abayizi b’amateeka n’abakungu basobola okukola audits ezikwatagana n’obusobozi bwa tekinologiya. Ebikozesebwa bya audit bisobola okuba biwandiike mu ngeri eya algorithmic impact assessments, eby’ebyobufuzi, n’ebiragiro eby’okukakasa nti obukiiko bya palamenti bisobola okuteekawo ebizibu ebirina okukyusibwa. Obuwandiike buno buyinza okugezaamu obutasobola kubitunuliraako mu bubaka bw’obulamu, era buli palamenti ey’obulamu eyetaaga okuganyulwa mu mbeera n’obukadde obukwata ku mateeka.

Ebbaluwa y’ensi mu ngeri y’obufuzi n’eby’obukulembeze

Okukola audits mu palamenti kulina eby’obugumu eby’enjawulo. Okusobola okukola bino mu bungi, palamenti zisobola okutwala entambula nga zisaba obuwagizi okuva mu ba certifying bodies, amakompyuta agafuna amakulu, ne basomebwa abatekinolooti n’abakugu mu mateeka. Enkola za transparency zisobola okweweza obuyambi bw’okukakasa ebibalo eby’obufuzi n’eby’enjigiriza. Mu ngeri y’eby’obuyigirize, ebitongole eby’enjawulo byateekateeka empisa z’okulabirira nga algorithmic impact assessment ne bias testing okuyamba palamenti okwogera n’abantu abakyali mu kibiina. Empisa zino zirina okwewandiika mu nteekateeka za palamenti mu ngeri ey’okunyigiriza abayizi n’abavubuka.

Ebizibu, engeri ezimu n’ebirungi ebyo eby’obulamu

Waliwo ebizibu eby’enjawulo: okubuuza ku sirikali y’okutendeka, enkeneemu y’obukulu n’okutendeka kwa sirikali, obukugu obumulala obutono, n’obumu obukwata ku nnyigiriza ya tekinologiya. Mu biseera eby’obulamu, palamenti zetaaga okwanguyiriza amateeka agakakasa nti audits tezirina kusanyizibwa mu ngeri ey’okuleetera enkola ezitalina kibi. Era, okwongera obutali bwa mateeka mu kuteekateeka kuno kulina okunyweza engeri y’okunyumya obuwagizi bw’amateeka mu bitongole eby’enjawulo. Wabula, ebirungi bivudde mu nsonda eno birimu okweyongera kw’ekitiibwa kya demokulasiya, okulaba ku makubo g’ebyenfuna, era okwewandiisa ebizibu eby’olugendo lwe tekinologiya mu nsi y’amateeka.

Ennyongera z’omuganyulo n’enteekateeka ezikyamu

Okutuusa ku kwetegereza okw’omu maaso, palamenti zisobola okutondawo ebimu ku biragiro n’obuwagizi bwekyo: okuteeka mu nkola eby’obuwangwa eby’omukugu (technical secretariats), okutonda ebikozesebwa eby’eby’amaanyi by’okusasula audit mu bubaka bw’obusobozi, n’okukola emikago gya transparency gija ku buyambi bw’abatuuze. Enteekateeka eziyamba zisinga okugulawo embeera ey’okutegeera engeri algorithmic models ezikirizibwa okukozesebwa, n’okutaba mu mirimu gy’okulonda abatekinolooti abasaliddwa mu kkubo ly’amateeka. Palamenti zetaaga okweteekateeka amaanyi ku nsonga z’okusasula n’okulabirira eby’obuwagizi bya tekinologiya mu ngeri ey’obutereevu.

Enkomerero: palamenti nga bakulembeze b’okukakasa obulungi

Okwolekera ku nsonga z’enteekateeka, palamenti zirina okusika ekitundu ekikulu mu kukakasa nti tekinologiya erina okuba mu bukakafu mu ngeri etambula n’amateeka g’ensonga zaffe. Okuteekawo audits za AI mu palamenti kusiima obufuzi obwewala okubaamu obukyamu, kukendeeza ku kukyusa kw’amateeka, n’okutuusa ku mitala gy’okukola eby’okulondoola eby’omugaso. Okukola bino kungiikiriza eby’obulamu by’abantu n’obukulembeze bw’eby’obulamu mu mateeka era kwongera enkola za demokulasiya. Palamenti ziba zitekateeka ez’enjawulo, n’okukola mu kwegomba okusobola okukozesa obukugu obutunuuliddwa n’obuguma obulaga emikisa gya tekinologiya mu nsi yaffe.