Begin by listing every electrical device you plan to power, noting each device’s rated power in watts and expected hours of use per day. Multiply watts by hours to obtain daily consumption in watt-hours (Wh). Add 10–25% to cover conversion losses, inverter inefficiency and storage losses. This adjusted daily Wh figure is the basis for sizing photovoltaics, battery storage and estimating autonomous runtime in different weather scenarios.

photovoltaics: estimating panel output

Determine the average peak-sun hours for your location. Multiply the adjusted daily Wh requirement by a loss factor (for example ×1.2) and divide by the peak-sun hours to get the required array power in watts. Account for tilt, orientation, shading and temperature-related losses. For portable or rooftop installations allow additional margin for imperfect tilt and seasonal variation so the photovoltaics can reliably recharge batteries even during less favorable days.

portable: planning for camping and mobility

Portable systems prioritize weight, simplicity and ease of transport. Identify typical camping loads such as LED lighting, phone and laptop charging, a portable fridge and small cooking devices, then rank them by priority. Limiting high-draw appliances and choosing efficient models reduces required Wh and allows a lighter battery and fewer panels. Consider foldable panels and modular batteries to balance portability with needed runtime during travel.

battery and lifepo4: sizing storage and autonomy

Convert daily Wh into battery capacity taking depth of discharge (DoD) into account. LiFePO4 batteries commonly allow 80–90% usable DoD, reducing required nominal capacity compared with lead-acid types. To compute ampere-hours (Ah) divide adjusted Wh by system voltage (12, 24 or 48 V). Add reserve capacity for multiple cloudy days and include allowances for self-discharge and ageing when determining battery bank size to ensure required autonomy over the expected service life.

inverter, backup and offgrid: matching continuous and peak power

Select an inverter that covers continuous load and peak/start-up currents from motors or compressors. A common guideline is an inverter with peak capability 1.5–2× the continuous load. For backup or offgrid configurations prioritise critical loads and calculate how long they must run on battery alone. Modular inverters and parallel battery connections make future expansion easier without replacing core components, which is useful for evolving offgrid needs.

charging, storage and maintenance

Design charging paths from solar, mains and a generator if needed for extended cloudy periods. Use MPPT charge controllers to maximise panel energy harvest under varying conditions; PWM controllers are simpler but less efficient. Schedule regular maintenance: clean panels, inspect connections, test battery health and update inverter firmware. Proper battery storage conditions, ventilation and adherence to manufacturer guidelines reduce degradation and improve long-term reliability.

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Product/Service Name	Provider	Key Features	Cost Estimation
Explorer 1000	Jackery	≈1002 Wh battery, 1000 W inverter, portable	27 000–39 000 грн
AC200P	Bluetti	≈2000 Wh, 2000 W inverter, multiple outputs	48 000–70 000 грн
Delta Pro	EcoFlow	Modular design, high PV input, fast charging	98 000–156 000 грн
Yeti 3000X	Goal Zero	≈3000 Wh, options for home backup	98 000–137 000 грн

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Prices, rates, or cost estimates mentioned in this article are based on the latest available information but may change over time. Independent research is advised before making financial decisions.

sustainability and safety

Evaluate lifecycle impacts and recycling options for batteries and panels. LiFePO4 generally provides longer cycle life and improved safety characteristics, but responsible disposal and recycling remain important. Follow electrical safety practices: use proper fusing, secure cable connections, provide ventilation for battery enclosures and employ battery-management systems to monitor temperature and state of charge. Identify service and repair options in your area to ensure professional maintenance and compliance with local regulations.

In conclusion, calculating energy needs for a mobile solar system involves a clear, stepwise approach: inventory devices and compute daily Wh, add allowances for conversion and storage losses, size photovoltaics using local peak-sun hours, choose battery capacity with appropriate DoD (LiFePO4 is commonly beneficial), and select an inverter that handles continuous and peak demands. Incorporate charging strategies, regular maintenance and sound safety practices to ensure reliable performance for camping, portable use, backup or offgrid applications.